Mu bihe nk'ibi, icyapa umurizo w’ibinyabiziga, nkigikoresho cyo gupakira no gupakurura ibinyabiziga cyashyizwe inyuma yimodoka, hamwe nibiranga uburyo bwo kuzamura cyane imikorere yo gupakira no gupakurura, kurinda umutekano wibikorwa no kugabanya ibiciro byakazi, birazwi vuba kandi ikoreshwa na rubanda, kandi ibaye ibikoresho nkenerwa mu nganda zikoreshwa.
Kuva yashingwa mu 1995, Kaizholi yiyemeje guteza imbere no guha imbaraga inganda z’ibikoresho, ntatangiza gusa inzira "yikorera" yo guhuza umusaruro, ubushakashatsi n’isoko, ashyiraho icyitegererezo cy’iterambere ry’inganda zidoda, ariko anateza imbere cyane inzira yo gutunganya inganda no kuyishyira mu bikorwa, kwitabira cyane kuganira no gutegura ibipimo nganda. Nyuma y’imbaraga zikomeje, ku ya 1 Gicurasi 2019, Minisiteri y’ubwikorezi yasohoye ku mugaragaro urwego rw’igihugu "Ibisabwa mu bya tekiniki mu gushyiraho no gukoresha ibyapa by’ibinyabiziga by’imodoka", bizashyirwa mu bikorwa ku ya 1 Ukuboza 2019.
Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ibipimo by’igihugu kugira ngo biteze imbere inganda z’ibinyabiziga by’imodoka mu cyiciro gishya cy’iterambere ryihuse, guhera ubu icyapa umurizo gifite indangamuntu nshya yemewe. Noneho nkumukoresha wa nyuma wicyapa cyimodoka, benshi mubagenzi b'amakarita bagomba guhitamo byihuse ikositimu yimodoka yabo?
Muri rusange, muguhitamo icyapa cyumuduga wimodoka, hibandwa kubintu bine: ubwoko bwumurizo wumurizo, ubwiza bwumurizo wumurizo, umurizo wumurizo tonnage, byumvikane ko icyingenzi ari ikirango cyumurizo, uko bishoboka kwose kugirango uhitemo inganda ibirango binini, ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa na nyuma yo kugurisha byemewe. Urashobora guhitamo ubwoko bwumurizo uhuye ukurikije inganda zawe, icyitegererezo hamwe nibikenewe byihariye. Muri rusange, isahani yumurizo irashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu:
1. Ubwoko bwa Cantilever
Ihitamo nyamukuru ryisoko ryinganda, rikundwa cyane nabakoresha benshi, nyuma yimyaka yo kugerageza isoko.
1. Ibyiza: Birakwiriye ubwoko bwose bwamakamyo, amakamyo ya pallet nizindi modoka zidasanzwe zitwara abantu.
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2. Uhagaritse
Umujyi gukwirakwiza inkunga nyamukuru, metero 4.2 zo gusaba ibinyabiziga nibyinshi, birashobora gukoreshwa nkumuryango winyuma, inyungu zubukungu.
1. Ibyiza: Isahani yumurizo irashobora gusimbuza umuryango wumurizo wikinyabiziga, cyane cyane ibereye amamodoka 4.2m, gariyamoshi nizindi modoka.
2. Mu izina ryinganda zisaba: ikamyo yo kugaburira ibiryo, gukwirakwiza supermarket, ibikoresho bito byo mumijyi, gutwara ibicuruzwa byumye, nibindi.
3. Ububiko
Umugenzi mwiza wo gutwara firigo, gushushanya ubuhanga, gukoresha byoroshye, bikwiranye nubwoko bwose bwimodoka ikonjesha.
1. Ibyiza: Icyapa umurizo cyegeranijwe munsi yikinyabiziga, kikaba kitazagira ingaruka ku gufungura no gufunga, guhindukira, nibindi, kandi birashobora kumenya isano iri hagati yikinyabiziga gitwara nububiko.
2. Mu izina ryinganda zisaba: gutwara imbeho ikonje, gutwara bisi, n'ibindi.
Transom toni
Umurizo wumurizo tonnage bivuga umutwaro wagenwe wumurongo wumurizo, inshuti nyinshi zamakarita zikeneye gusobanukirwa ibiranga nuburemere bwibicuruzwa byabo ubwikorezi. Muburyo nyabwo bwo kugura isahani yumurizo, hitamo umurizo ukwiye tonnage ukurikije uburemere ntarengwa bwibicuruzwa muri pallet imwe.
| Umutwaro wagenwe | Icyitegererezo |
| 1T | 4. 2 m icyitegererezo gikoreshwa cyane |
| 1.5T | 4. 2m no hejuru yicyitegererezo |
| 2T | 9. 6 m icyitegererezo gikoreshwa cyane |
Ikirangantego
Gerageza guhitamo ibirango binini mu nganda, ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa na serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha biremewe, cyane cyane kugirango ushyigikire gahunda y’ingwate ya serivise y’igihugu nyuma yo kugurisha, kugirango ukemure neza ibibazo byahuye nabyo mugukoresha nyuma. Binyuze mu myaka myinshi yo guhinga no guhinga, Nengding yashyizeho umuyoboro wa serivisi ku isoko mu gihugu hose, ufite amahame yo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi yujuje ubuziranenge nk’ibipimo, kugira ngo habeho ubwambere gukemura ibibazo by’abakoresha.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-21-2022