Muri ubwo buryo, icyuma cyo gupakira no gupakurura imodoka, nk'igikoresho cyo gupakira no gupakurura imodoka cyashyizwe inyuma y'imodoka, gifite imiterere yo kunoza cyane imikorere yo gupakira no gupakurura, gitanga umutekano mu mikorere no kugabanya ikiguzi cy'imikorere, kizwi kandi gikoreshwa vuba n'abaturage, kandi cyabaye ibikoresho bikenewe mu nganda zikora ibikoresho.
Kuva yashingwa mu 1995, Kaizholi yiyemeje guteza imbere no guha imbaraga inganda zitwara ibintu, itangiza gusa inzira "yigenga" yo guhuza umusaruro, ubushakashatsi n'ubucuruzi, ishyiraho icyitegererezo cy'iterambere ry'inganda, ahubwo inateza imbere cyane inzira yo gushyiraho no gushyiraho amabwiriza agenga inganda, yitabira cyane ibiganiro no gushyiraho amahame agenga inganda. Nyuma y'imbaraga zihoraho, ku ya 1 Gicurasi 2019, Minisiteri y'Ubwikorezi yasohoye ku mugaragaro amahame ngenderwaho y'Igihugu "Ibisabwa mu rwego rwa tekiniki mu gushyiraho no gukoresha amapine y'imodoka", azashyirwa mu bikorwa ku ya 1 Ukuboza 2019.
Ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amahame ngenderwaho y’igihugu yo guteza imbere inganda z’imodoka mu ntera nshya y’iterambere ryihuse, kuva ubu uruziga rufite umwirondoro mushya wemewe n’amategeko. None se nk’umukoresha wa nyuma w’uruziga rw’imodoka, abenshi mu nshuti z’amakarita bagomba guhitamo vuba ikoti ry’uruziga rw’imodoka zabo?
Muri rusange, mu guhitamo icyuma gipima umurizo w'imodoka, ibintu bine by'ingenzi bigomba kwitabwaho: ubwoko bw'icyuma gipima umurizo, ubwiza bw'icyuma gipima umurizo, ingano y'icyuma gipima umurizo, birumvikana ko icy'ingenzi ari ikirango cy'icyuma gipima umurizo, uko bishoboka kose kugira ngo uhitemo ibirango bikomeye by'inganda, ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa na serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha byemejwe. Ushobora guhitamo ubwoko bw'icyuma gipima umurizo ujyanye n'inganda zawe, icyitegererezo n'ibyo ukeneye byihariye. Muri rusange, icyuma gipima umurizo gishobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bitatu:
1. Ubwoko bwa Cantilever
Amahitamo rusange y'isoko ry'inganda, akunzwe cyane n'abakoresha benshi, nyuma y'imyaka myinshi y'igeragezwa ry'isoko.
1. Ibyiza: Bikwiriye ubwoko bwose bw'amakamyo yo mu bwoko bwa "box trucks", amakamyo yo mu bwoko bwa "pallet trucks" n'ibindi binyabiziga byihariye byo gutwara abantu.
2. Mu izina ry'inganda zikora porogaramu: gukwirakwiza amaduka, ikigo gishinzwe kwimura ibintu, ubwikorezi n'ubwikorezi, gukwirakwiza imboga, gukwirakwiza ibikoresho byo ku meza, imodoka zitunganya imyanda, gucunga ibikoresho, n'ibindi, bishobora guhaza ibyo inganda zitandukanye zikeneye mu gutwara ibintu.
2. Uhagaze
Ikwirakwizwa ry'ibinyabiziga mu mujyi rifite uburebure bwa metero 4.2, rishobora gukoreshwa nk'inyungu z'ubukungu.
1. Ibyiza: Ikarito y'inyuma ishobora gusimbura umuryango w'inyuma w'ikamyo, cyane cyane ikwiriye imodoka nini za metero 4.2, gari ya moshi n'izindi modoka.
2. Mu izina ry'inganda zikora porogaramu: imodoka zicuruza ibiryo, igurishwa ry'amaduka manini, ibikoresho bito byo mu mujyi, ubwikorezi bw'ibicuruzwa byumye, n'ibindi.
3. Gupfunyika
Umugenzi mwiza wo gutwara imodoka zikonjeshwa, igishushanyo mbonera cy'ubuhanga, cyoroshye gukoresha, kibereye ubwoko bwose bw'imodoka zikonjeshwa.
1. Ibyiza: Icyapa cy'inyuma gikusanyirizwa munsi y'ikigare, kitagira ingaruka ku gufungura no gufunga kw'ikigare, gusubira inyuma, nibindi, kandi gishobora gutuma habaho isano iri hagati y'ikinyabiziga gitwara abagenzi n'ububiko.
2. Mu izina ry'inganda zikora porogaramu: gutwara abantu n'ibintu mu buryo bukonje, bisi zitwara abantu n'ibintu, n'ibindi.
Toni za Transom
Tona y'umurizo yerekeza ku mutwaro w'umurizo, inshuti nyinshi z'amakarita zigomba gusobanukirwa imiterere n'uburemere bw'ibicuruzwa byabo bwite. Mu gihe cyo kugura toni y'umurizo, hitamo toni y'umurizo ikwiye hakurikijwe uburemere ntarengwa bw'ibicuruzwa biri mu ipantalo imwe.
| Umutwaro watanzweho amanota | Icyitegererezo gikoreshwa |
| 1T | Ubwoko bwa metero 4.2 bukoreshwa cyane cyane |
| 1.5T | Modeli zifite uburebure bwa metero 4.2 no hejuru |
| 2T | Ubwoko bwa metero 9.6 bukoreshwa cyane cyane |
Ikirango cya Transom
Gerageza guhitamo ibirango binini mu nganda, ubwiza bw'ibicuruzwa na serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha ni ingenzi, cyane cyane gushyigikira sisitemu y'igihugu yo gutanga garanti y'urusobe rwa serivisi nyuma yo kugurisha, kugira ngo ukemure ibibazo byagaragaye mu nzira yo gukoresha nyuma. Mu myaka myinshi yo guhinga no guhinga cyane, Nengding yashinze umuyoboro wa serivisi ku isoko mu gihugu hose, ufite amahame yo hejuru n'ubwiza bwo hejuru nk'igipimo ngenderwaho, kugira ngo umenye neza ko ari ubwa mbere ukemura ibyo abakoresha bakeneye.
Igihe cyo kohereza: 21 Nyakanga-2022